Health Insurance in France

            Health Insurance in France*

The French health system of advanced systems in the world, in the WHO report in 2000 stated that France has the best health services and most provide an average cost per capita is the fourth in the world, and won the first place in the world regarding the effectiveness of the health system.

The administration Vidar by the government to ensure that the interests of the population, and characterized by centralized management through the social security body, and is associated with the Ministry of Social Affairs and social solidarity in matters of finance and the Ministry of Health in the administrative aspects.

The system is based on three principles, namely:

1. public coverage through a government system that covers the risk and compensation.

2. On [1] care and freedom of choice for the patient.

3. Cooperation between the public and private sectors with regard to the financing of hospitals and health services.

One of the main advantages of the system:

Freedom of choice and without limits in going to doctors and Bonoallm spectrum and even acupuncture, and psychiatrist and childbirth, eyes and teeth, but to go to the private sector without conversion.

The hypnosis is through public and private hospitals, which the government acquires 64% of the number of family where, and focus government on internal and psychiatry, while special focus on minimally invasive surgery and obstetrics, and in 1996 was the establishment of local bodies for the distribution of available resources between hospitals.

In this system, the patient fees paid and are compensated by the social security, and principles of patient participation in the cost by 11%, and offers some of the companies supplementary insurance (cooperative and private) and cover these companies the rest of the cost in the range of 12% of the cost, and benefit from its services 87% of the population .

The preventive services, hospital and long-term care are fully reimbursed by the government system.

The care in private clinics that provide specialized care are partially compensate for the fees, as escrow to pay the value of medicines.

National health insurance mandatory and funded through the contribution of employers and general social contributions and deductions little salary, and the health system currently covers the entire population, and the government sector which represents 78% of the funding [2].

The date of the health system in France has set up fund for Marine older men in the fifteenth century, and began reciprocity associations since the sixteenth century, and then spread associations subsidy in some European and American countries the impact of the French Revolution in 1789, and these associations provide aid to its members physically in deficits The disease, poverty and death, and consists funds from contributions of individuals belonging to them, and donations and state grants, and the most important of these associations in France French reciprocity subsidy Association, has tried French reciprocity associations establishing insurance for aging but it was overloaded, preventing the French law in 1850, then passed her At the end of the nineteenth century that the reciprocal insurance for deaths, injuries and diseases, and France is the first European country to take the official retirement system was approved in 1776, the military and approved by the French Revolution in 1790 for all employees [3].

In 1928, France has issued health insurance law, but did not effect only in 1930, and the French health insurance is a set of cooperative societies which existed before the promulgation of the law in the first instance was insurance for groups with common occupations, and after World War II, Social Security Administration funded a project for the government to cover all citizens [4]. System and continued development until it reached the current status superior to other countries.